Displaying items by tag: طیور

L. Peric, N. Milosevic, D. Zikic, S. Bjedov, D. Cvetkovic, S. Markov, M. Mohnl and T. Steuner

The trial involved 684 Cobb 500 broiler chicks in order to investigate the effects of probiotics and phytogenic additives on performance, gut morphology and cecal microbial concentrations. Birds were assigned to three treatments: control feed, treatment with addition of probiotics in feed and water and treatment with addition of phytogenic blend in feed. The results showed a significant improvement (P<0.01) in body weight gain and a numerical, but non significant (P>0.05) improvement in feed conversion ratio by adding both probiotics and phytogenics in feed. There were no statistically significant differences among treatments regarding total aerobes, anaerobes, lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, enterococci, and Escherichia coli populations (P>0.05) in cecum of broilers.

K.C. Mountzourisa, V. Paraskevas, P. Tsirtsikos, I. Palamidi, T. Steiner, G. Schatzmayr, K. Fegeros

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of three inclusion levels of a phytogenic feed additive (PFA) comprising a blend of essential oils from oregano, anise and citrus on broiler growth performance, nutrient digestibility and caecal microflora composition. Five hundred and twenty-five, 1-day-old, male Cobb broilers received a maize–soybean meal basal diet (BD) and depending on the type of addition were allocated in the following five experimental treatments for 6 weeks: BD–no additives (C), BD containing 80 mg PFA/kg diet (E1), BD containing 125 mg PFA/kg diet (E2), BD containing 250 mg PFA/kg diet (E3) and BD containing avilamycin at 2.5 mg/kg diet (A). Treatment A was used as a positive control due to the well-known function of avilamycin as an antimicrobial growth promoter in poultry.

N. Reisinger, T. Steiner, S. Nitsch, G. Schatzmayr, and T. J. Applegate

A 2 × 2 factorial experiment (8 pens/treatment, 26 birds/pen) was conducted with 2 doses of a coccidial vaccine [1× or 5× (Paracox-5, Schering-Plough Animal Health, Uxbridge, UK)], administered at 1 d of age) with or without supplementation (125 g/1,000 kg) with a phytogenic feed additive containing a blend of essential oils from oregano, anise, and citrus peel [Biomin P.E.P. 125 poultry (Biomin GmbH, Herzogenburg, Austria); EO]. Within each pen, 13 birds received the coccidial vaccine, whereas the remainder were naturally exposed through the recycling of oocysts in the litter. In pens of birds receiving the higher (5×) dosage of coccidial vaccine, the BW of broilers decreased by up to 2.7% (P = 0.08), but feed-to-gain ratio (FCR) and mortality at 27 d of age (P > 0.05) were not affected.

I. Giannenas, El. Triantafillou, S. Stavrakakis, M. Margaroni c, S. Mavridis, T. Steiner, E. Karagouni

The manipulation and control of fish health and production by natural substances has been identified as an important area for future developments in aquaculture. A study was conducted to investigate the effect of two phytogenic feed additives, one rich in carvacrol (CARV containing 12 g/kg carvacrol) and the other rich in thymol (THYM containing 6 g/kg thymol) on growth performance, gut microbiota and antioxidant status of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under commercial farming conditions. Groups of 30 sub-adult trout (113.0 g ± 10.4) were randomly allocated into 3 different treatments with three replicates each. The control group was fed a basal diet, while the other two groups were fed diets supplemented with the two phytogenic diets at the level of 1 g/kg.

Fariborz Taghavi, Mehrdad Nasri Tajan, Abbas Ali Zamini

This study is evaluated the effects of Biomin P.E.P supplement on growth indices, blood and immune factors, and intestine bacterial flora of Bester juvenile fish. The survey is conducted on Bester juvenile sturgeons in fisheries laboratory located in Islamic Azad University Science and Research of Guilan Branch in the fall of 1392. The completely random scheme of the research includes 4 treatments each of which has 3 repetitions. The supplement was added to the basal diet on 4 levels of 0, 1, 1/5, and 2 g / kg.72 of 45-g Bester fish were fed for 60 days based on 5 percent of the body weight in 12 tanks (100-liter) that 6 fish in each tank. At the end of the farming period some of the growth indices, blood and immune factors, and intestine bacterial flora were compared.

Lee, J. T., K. A. Jessen, R. Beltran, V. Starkl, G. Schatzmayr, R. Borutova, and D. J. Caldwell

The current experiment was conducted to determine the effect of mycotoxin-contaminated diets with aflatoxin (AFLA) and deoxynivalenol (DON) and dietary inclusion of deactivation compound on layer hen performance during a 10-wk trial. The experimental design consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial with 4 toxin levels: control, low (0.5 mg/kg AFLA + 1.0 mg/kg DON), medium (1.5 mg/kg AFLA + 1.5 mg/kg DON), and high (2.0 mg/kg AFLA + 2.0 mg/kg DON) with or without the inclusion of deactivation compound. Three hundred eighty-four 25-wk-old laying hens were randomly assigned to 1 of the 8 treatment groups. Birds were fed contaminated diets for a 6-wk phase of toxin administration followed by a 4-wk recovery phase, when all birds were fed mycotoxin-free diets.

Lee, J. T., K. A. Jessen, R. Beltran, V. Starkl, G. Schatzmayr,  R. Borutova, and D. J. Caldwell

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary inclusion of Mycofix Select (Biomin GmbH, Herzogenburg, Austria) on discrete egg parameters and quality characteristics of hens fed mycotoxin-contaminated diets (aflatoxin; AFLA) and deoxynivalenol (DON)) during a 10-wk trial. A 4 × 2 factorial design was used with 4 contamination levels: control, low (0.5 mg/kg of AFLA + 1.0 mg/kg of DON), medium (1.5 mg/kg of AFLA + 1.5 mg/kg of DON), and high (2.0 mg/kg of AFLA + 2.0 mg/kg of DON) with or without the inclusion of mycotoxin deactivating compound. Three hundred and eighty-four 25-wk-old laying hens were housed 3 per cage. Birds were fed contaminated diets for a 6-wk phase of toxin administration followed by a 4-wk recovery phase, when all birds were fed mycotoxin-free diets.

Ghareeb, K., W. A. Awad , and J. Böhm

Although acute mycotoxicoses are rare in poultry production, chronic exposure to low levels of mycotoxins is responsible for reduced productivity and increased susceptibility to infectious diseases. Deoxynivalenol (DON) is known to modulate immune function, but only a few studies have investigated the effect of DON on the vaccinal immune response. In addition, the effects of Mycofix select (Biomin GmbH, Herzogenburg, Austria) supplementation to DON-contaminated broiler diets have not yet been demonstrated. Therefore, an experiment with 1-d-old male broilers (Ross 308) was carried out to examine the effects of feeding DON-contaminated low-protein grower diets on performance, serum biochemical parameters, lymphoid organ weight, and antibody titers to infectious bronchitis vaccination in serum and to evaluate

Awad, W. A., K. Ghareeb, A. Dadak, L. Gille, K. Staniek, M. Hess, and J. Böhm

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most abundant and important trichothecenes in food and feed, and it is a significant contaminant due to its frequent occurrence at toxicologically relevant concentrations worldwide. Deoxynivalenol has negative influences on the health and performance of chicks. However, there is little information available regarding the effect of DON on DNA fragmentation in blood lymphocytes. In addition, the effects of Mycofix select (Biomin GmbH, Herzogenburg, Austria) supplementation to DON-contaminated broiler diets on lymphocyte DNA have not yet been demonstrated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to establish the effect of DON on lipid peroxidation and lymphocyte DNA fragmentation in broilers and to evaluate the potential of Mycofix select in the prevention of toxin-mediated changes.

Danicke, S., K.-H. Ueberschar I. Halle, S. Matthes, H. Valenta, and G. Flachowsky

16-wk experiment with laying hens was carried out to examine the effects of feeding of mycotoxin-contaminated maize (CM) on performance, nutrient digestibility, weight of organs, serum chemical parameters, and antibody titers to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in serum. Also tested were fimbrien antigen K88 in egg yolk and zearalenone (ZON) residues in eggs and tissues. The Fusarium-toxin-contaminated maize contained 17,630 microg deoxynivalenol and 1,580 microg ZON/kg. Moreover, Mycofix Plus (MP), a so-called detoxifying agent, was added to both the uncontaminated control (UCM) and to the CM diet (70% dietary maize inclusion). Each of the four resulting diets (UCM, UCM-MP, CM, CM-MP)